Intelligent Tutoring in Serious Games

The links below are to papers and web sites that came up during discussions at the workshop and/or were recommended by attendees as further reading.

• Evaluation, instructional design, and pedagogy:
• O'Neil, Wainess, & Baker (2005). Classification of learning outcomes: Evidence from the computer games literature. 
• Merrill (2002). A Pebble-in-the-Pond Model For Instructional Design.
• Kluger & DeNisi (1998). Feedback Interventions: Toward the Understanding of a Double-Edged Sword.
• Additional recommendations from Dick Clark.
• A blog of the Cannon-Bowers/Prensky debate at SGS05.

• Language learning / Tactical Language Training System:
• Johnson, Vilhjalmsson, & Marsella (2005). Serious Games for Language Learning:  How Much Game, How Much AI?
• Tactical Language Training, LLC.

• Narrative Learning Environments:
• Mott, Lee, & Lester (2006). Probabilistic Goal Recognition in Interactive Narrative Environments.
• Mott & Lester (2006). Narrative-Centered Tutorial Planning for Inquiry-Based Learning Environments.
• Mott & Lester (2006). U-Director: A Decision-Theoretic Narrative Planning Architecture for Storytelling Environments.

• Self-efficacy and empathy:
• McQuiggan, Lee, & Lester (2006). Predicting User Physiological Response for Interactive Environments: An Inductive Approach.
• McQuiggan & Lester (2006). Diagnosing Self-Efficacy in Intelligent Tutoring Systems: An Empirical Study.
• McQuiggan & Lester (2006). Learning Empathy: A Data-Driven Framework for Modeling Empathetic Companion Agents.

• Reflective tutoring and explainable AI:
• Katz, Allbritton, & Connelly (2003). Going Beyond the Problem Given: How Human Tutors Use Post-Solution Discussions to Support Transfer.
• Core, Lane, van Lent, Gomboc, Solomon, & Rosenberg (2006). Building Explainable Artificial Intelligence Systems.

• Tutorial dialogue:
• VanLehn, Graesser, Jackson, Jordan, Olney, & Rose (in-press). When are tutorial dialogues more effective than reading?